Back Pain
Back pain is a common reason for absence from work and doctor visits. Although back
pain may be painful and uncomfortable, it is not usually serious.
Even though back pain can affect people of any age, it is significantly more common
among adults aged between 35 and 55 years. Experts say that back pain is associated
with the way our bones, muscles and ligaments in our backs work and connect together.
Pain in the lower back may be linked to the bony lumbar spine, discs between the
vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, lower back
muscles, abdomen and pelvic internal organs, and the skin around the lumbar area.
Pain in the upper back may be due to disorders of the aorta, tumors in the chest,
and spine inflammation.
( पीठ दर्द )
काम से अनुपस्थिति और चिकित्सक के दौरे के लिए पीठ दर्द एक सामान्य कारण है। हालांकि पीठ दर्द दर्दनाक और असुविधाजनक हो सकता है, यह आमतौर पर गंभीर नहीं है।भले ही पीठ दर्द किसी भी उम्र के लोगों को प्रभावित कर सकता है, यह 35 से 55 वर्ष की आयु के वयस्कों में काफी आम है। विशेषज्ञों का कहना है कि पीठ दर्द हमारी हड्डियों, मांसपेशियों और स्नायुबंधन के साथ जुड़ा हुआ है जो हमारी पीठ में काम करते हैं और एक साथ जुड़ते हैं।पीठ के निचले हिस्से में दर्द बोनी काठ का रीढ़ से जुड़ा हो सकता है, कशेरुकाओं के बीच डिस्क, रीढ़ के आसपास स्नायुबंधन और डिस्क, रीढ़ की हड्डी और नसों, पीठ के निचले हिस्से की मांसपेशियों, पेट और श्रोणि आंतरिक अंगों, और काठ का क्षेत्र के आसपास की त्वचा। ऊपरी पीठ में दर्द महाधमनी के विकारों, छाती में ट्यूमर और रीढ़ की सूजन के कारण हो सकता है। मानव पीठ मांसपेशियों, स्नायुबंधन, tendons, डिस्क और हड्डियों की एक जटिल संरचना से बना है - हमारी रीढ़ के खंडों को उपास्थि जैसे पैड के साथ डिस्क कहा जाता है। इन घटकों में से किसी के साथ समस्या पीठ दर्द को जन्म दे सकती है।
Causes of back pain
The human back is composed of a complex structure of muscles, ligaments, tendons, disks and bones – the segments of our spine are cushioned with cartilage-like pads called disks. Problems with any of these components can lead to back pain. In some cases of back pain, its cause is never found. Problems with the spine such as osteoporosis can lead to back pain. Strain – the most common causes of back pain are:
- Strained muscles
- Strained ligaments
- A muscle spasm
- Lifting something improperly
- Lifting something that is too heavy
- The result of an abrupt and awkward movement
( पीठ दर्द के कारण )
मानव पीठ मांसपेशियों, स्नायुबंधन, tendons, डिस्क और हड्डियों की एक जटिल संरचना से
बना है - हमारी रीढ़ के खंडों को उपास्थि जैसे पैड के साथ डिस्क कहा जाता है। इन घटकों
में से किसी के साथ समस्या पीठ दर्द को जन्म दे सकती है। पीठ दर्द के कुछ मामलों में,
इसका कारण कभी नहीं पाया जाता है।
ऑस्टियोपोरोसिस जैसी रीढ़ की समस्याओं के कारण पीठ दर्द हो सकता है। तनाव - पीठ दर्द
के सबसे आम कारण हैं:
- तनी हुई मांसपेशियाँ
- तनावग्रस्त स्नायुबंधन
- एक मांसपेशियों में ऐंठन
- अनुचित तरीके से कुछ उठाना
- कुछ ऐसा उठाना जो बहुत भारी हो
- एक अचानक और अजीब आंदोलन का परिणाम है
Signs and symptoms
A symptom is something that the patient feels and reports, while a sign is something
other people, such as the doctor detect. For example, pain may be a symptom while
a rash may be a sign. The main symptom of back pain is, as the name suggests, an
ache or pain anywhere on the back, and sometimes all the way down to the buttocks
and legs. Some back issues can cause pain in other parts of the body, depending
on the nerves affected. In most cases, signs and symptoms clear up on their own
within a short period.
If any of the following signs or symptoms accompanies a back pain, people should
see their doctor:
- Weight loss
- Elevated body temperature (fever)
- Inflammation (swelling) on the back
- Persistent back pain – lying down or resting does not help
- Pain down the legs
- Pain reaches below the knees
- A recent injury, blow or trauma to your back
- Urinary incontinence – you pee unintentionally (even small amounts)
- Difficulty urinating – passing urine is hard
- Fecal incontinence – you lose your bowel control (you poo unintentionally)
- Numbness around the genitals
- Numbness around the anus
- Numbness around the buttocks
Preventing back pain
Steps to lower the risk of developing back pain consist mainly of addressing some
of the risk factors. Exercise – regular exercise helps build strength as well as
keeping your body weight down. Experts say that low-impact aerobic activities are
best; activities that do not strain or jerk the back. Before starting any exercise
program, talk to a health care professional.
There are two main types of exercise that people can do to reduce the risk of back
pain:
- Core-strengthening exercises- exercises that work the abdominal and back muscles, helping to strengthen muscles that protect the back.
- Flexibility – exercises aimed at improving flexibility in your core, including your spine, hips, and upper legs, may help too.
Posture when standing – make sure you have a neutral pelvic position. Stand upright, head facing forward, back straight, and balance your weight evenly on both feet – keep your legs straight and your head in line with your spine.
Posture when sitting – a good seat should have good back support, arm rests and a swivel base (for working). When sitting try to keep your knees and hips level and keep your feet flat on the floor – if you can't, use a footstool. You should ideally be able to sit upright with support in the small of your back. If you are using a keyboard, make sure your elbows are at right-angles and that your forearms are horizontal.
Lifting things – the secret for protecting your back when lifting things is to think "legs not back". In other words, use your legs to do the lifting, more than your back. Keep your back as straight as you can, keeping your feet apart with one leg slightly forward so you can maintain balance. Bend only at the knees, hold the weight close to your body, and straighten the legs while changing the position of your back as little as possible.
Bending your back initially is unavoidable, but when you bend your back try not to stoop or squat, and be sure to tighten your stomach muscles so that your pelvis is pulled in. Most important, do not straighten your legs before lifting; otherwise you will be using your back for most of the work.
Do not lift and twist at the same time. If something is particularly heavy, see if you can lift it with someone else. While you are lifting keep looking straight ahead, not up nor down, so that the back of your neck is like a continuous straight line from your spine. Moving things – remember that it is better for your back to push things across the floor, using your leg strength, rather than pulling them. Shoes – flat shoes place less of a strain on the back. Driving – it is important to have proper support for your back. Make sure the wing mirrors are properly positioned so you do not need to twist. The pedals should be squarely in front of your feet. If you are on a long journey, have plenty of breaks – get out of the car and walk around. Your bed – you should have a mattress that keeps you spine straight, while at the same time supporting the weight of your shoulders and buttocks. Use a pillow, but not one that forces your neck into a steep angle.
